Ulangan 2:23

2:23 As for the Avvites ¹  who lived in settlements as far west as Gaza, Caphtorites ²  who came from Crete ³  destroyed them and settled down in their place.)

Ulangan 4:16

4:16 I say this ⁴  so you will not corrupt yourselves by making an image in the form of any kind of figure. This includes the likeness of a human male or female,

Ulangan 18:6

18:6 Suppose a Levite comes by his own free will ⁵  from one of your villages, from any part of Israel where he is living, ⁶  to the place the Lord chooses

Ulangan 18:20

18:20 “But if any prophet presumes to speak anything in my name that I have not authorized ⁷  him to speak, or speaks in the name of other gods, that prophet must die.

Ulangan 20:6

20:6 Or who among you has planted a vineyard and not benefited from it? He may go home, lest he die in battle and someone else benefit from it.

Ulangan 22:8

22:8 If you build a new house, you must construct a guard rail ⁸  around your roof to avoid being culpable ⁹  in the event someone should fall from it.

Ulangan 23:17

Purity in Cultic Personnel

23:17 There must never be a sacred prostitute ¹⁰  among the young women ¹¹  of Israel nor a sacred male prostitute ¹²  among the young men ¹³  of Israel.

[2:23]  ¹ sn Avvites. Otherwise unknown, these people were probably also Anakite (or Rephaite) giants who lived in the lower Mediterranean coastal plain until they were expelled by the Caphtorites.

[2:23]  ² sn Caphtorites. These peoples are familiar from both the OT (Gen 10:14; 1 Chr 1:12; Jer 47:4; Amos 9:7) and ancient Near Eastern texts (Miriam Lichtheim, Ancient Egyptian Literature, 2:37-38; ANET 138). They originated in Crete (OT “Caphtor”) and are identified as the ancestors of the Philistines (Gen 10:14; Jer 47:4).

[2:23]  ³ tn Heb “Caphtor”; the modern name of the island of Crete is used in the translation for clarity (cf. NCV, TEV, NLT).

[4:16]  ⁴ tn The words “I say this” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons. In the Hebrew text v. 16 is subordinated to “Be careful” in v. 15, but this makes for an unduly long sentence in English.

[18:6]  ⁵ tn Heb “according to all the desire of his soul.”

[18:6]  ⁶ tn Or “sojourning.” The verb used here refers to living temporarily in a place, not settling down.

[18:20]  ⁷ tn Or “commanded” (so KJV, NAB, NIV, NRSV).

[22:8]  ⁸ tn Or “a parapet” (so NAB, NIV, NRSV); KJV “a battlement”; NLT “a barrier.”

[22:8]  ⁹ tn Heb “that you not place bloodshed in your house.”

[23:17]  ¹⁰ tn The Hebrew term translated “sacred prostitute” here (קְדֵשָׁה [qÿdeshah], from קַדֵשׁ [qadesh, “holy”]; cf. NIV “shrine prostitute”; NASB “cult prostitute”; NRSV, TEV, NLT “temple prostitute”) refers to the pagan fertility cults that employed female and male prostitutes in various rituals designed to evoke agricultural and even human fecundity (cf. Gen 38:21-22; 1 Kgs 14:24; 15:12; 22:47; 2 Kgs 23:7; Hos 4:14). The Hebrew term for a regular, noncultic (i.e., “secular”) female prostitute is זוֹנָה (zonah).

[23:17]  ¹¹ tn Heb “daughters.”

[23:17]  ¹² tn The male cultic prostitute was called קָדֵשׁ (qadesh; see note on the phrase “sacred prostitute” earlier in this verse). The colloquial Hebrew term for a “secular” male prostitute (i.e., a sodomite) is the disparaging epithet כֶּלֶב (kelev, “dog”) which occurs in the following verse (cf. KJV, ASV, NAB, NASB).

[23:17]  ¹³ tn Heb “sons.”